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Existing worldwide, Staphylococcus aureus is a bacterium that belongs to the family of staphylococci. The bacterium is present primarily on the skin, as well as on nasopharyngeal mucosa – mostly without any health ill effects. Infections only occur when the bacteria enter the body through wounds or mucus membranes. Both MRSA and VRSA are strains that are resistant to many common antibiotics, such as methicillin and beta-lactam antibiotics in the case of MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), or vancomycin in the case of VRSA (vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus). The bacteria are primarily found where antibiotics are frequently used, for example in hospitals, or in farmyards.
Bacteria are most often passed directly from person to person through touch. Carriers of MRSA can also infect themselves, by touching a wound, for example. In addition, the pathogen can also be transmitted via objects and medical instruments, or via contact with farm animals carrying the bacterium.
After an incubation period of about 4 to 10 days, Staphylococcus aureus infections can cause furuncles, abscesses, meningitis, wound infections, pneumonia, inflammation of various organs and sepsis.
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common causes of postoperative wound infections, respiratory infections and primary sepsis. Increasing resistance to a large number of standard antibiotics makes the treatment of infections more difficult.
7 days to 7 months
The necessary spectrum of activity against staphylococci is: bactericidal
In Europe, Surgical Site Infections (SSI) are the second most common cause of hospital-acquired infections. The following animation shows how to prevent them:
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